South Korea's impeached president had denied ordering the military to drag MPs out of the nation's parliament to prevent them from voting to reject his martial law decree last month, as he appeared for the first time before the Constitutional Court that will determine his fate.
Yoon Suk Yeol's presence at the court was his first public appearance since becoming South Korea's first sitting president to be detained over his short-lived declaration of martial law, which plunged the country into political turmoil.
After abruptly imposing martial law on December 3, Mr Yoon sent troops and police officers to encircle the National Assembly, but enough politicians managed to enter to vote unanimously to reject his decree, forcing his cabinet to lift the measure early the following morning.
Mr Yoon, a conservative, has since argued that his dispatch of troops was not meant to block the assembly but instead was a warning to the main liberal opposition Democratic Party, which has used its legislature majority to obstruct his agenda, undermine his budget bill and impeach some of his top officials.
In his announcement of martial law, he called the assembly "a den of criminals" that was bogging down government affairs, and vowed to eliminate "shameless North Korea followers and anti-state forces."
The commanders of military units sent to the assembly have disagreed with Mr Yoon's stance.
Kwak Jong-keun, commander of a special forces unit, told an assembly hearing that the president had called him directly and asked that his troops "quickly destroy the door and drag out the lawmakers who are inside." Mr Kwak said he didn't carry out the order.
Asked by acting Constitutional Court chief justice Moon Hyungbae whether he ordered the commanders to pull out the lawmakers, Mr Yoon replied that he didn't do so.
He said the lawmakers could have gathered somewhere later to overturn the decree. He also argued that there would have been a popular backlash if he had tried to physically prevent an assembly vote.
"If I had obstructed (the vote), I think I wouldn't have been able to handle the consequences," Mr Yoon said.
Asked by Mr Moon about reports that he gave a memo on establishing an emergency legislative body to a top official before imposing martial law, Mr Yoon said he didn't do so. Whether he plotted to launch such a body would help explain his true intentions for martial law.
The assembly impeached the president on December 14, suspending his presidential powers.
The Constitutional Court has until June to determine whether to formally dismiss him as president or reinstate him. Observers say a court ruling is expected to come sooner.
Investigations underway into rebellion, abuse of power
Separately, law enforcement authorities are investigating whether he and others committed rebellion, abuse of power and other crimes in connection with the martial law decree. By law, the leader of a rebellion can face life in prison or the death penalty.
He earlier ignored several requests to appear for questioning and remained in his presidential residence in Seoul, though his defence minister, police chief and several top military commanders had already been arrested over their roles in the enforcement of martial law.
He was eventually detained on January 15 when authorities mobilised hundreds of police and investigators near his residence.
While South Korean presidents have wide-ranging immunity from prosecution while in office, the protection does not extend to allegations of rebellion or treason.
Mr Yoon's martial law decree has rattled South Korea's diplomatic activities and financial markets and hurt its international image as a vibrant democracy.
His subsequent defiance and the opposition's push to oust him have also intensified South Korea's already-serious internal divide.
After a Seoul district court on Sunday approved a formal arrest warrant to extend his detainment, dozens of his supporters stormed the court building, destroying windows, doors and other property.
They also attacked police officers with bricks, steel pipes and other objects.
The violence left 17 police officers injured, and police said they detained 46 protesters.
AP/ABC
